The norm of distributive Justice and its relation to fairness and equity with an emphasis on Imam Ali`s governmental ethic

As is understood by governmental ethics, governors should distribute possibilities and economical and social opportunities among citizens according to distributive justice. In this paper, the author, surveying and criticizing the views in the field, has shown that the type of work, need and public equality taken as norms in the views, may be counted as the ways for recognizing personal rights not as the norms of distributive justice. In other words, distributive justice is founded upon personal rights and the deserts due to work, need etc. In this way, contributive justice and equality may be known as being partially in common not fully. Such an attitude is agreed with by governmental manner of Imam Ali (a).